Cell phones in high schools Essay

Now days using cell phones in high school is not an easy issue because cell phones and other smart electronic machines established with the fast moving of technology, so everybody has a cell phone from children to older people, its became an important thing in our life and we use it in a lot things even if it effect on our society because it has a lot of advantages it’s also has a disadvantages if we use it in a wrong way in school or other places. In this research I well talk about several points about using cell phones in high schools, the policy that school’s administration has taken about this issue and the advantages and the disadvantages of using cell phones in schools by students or teachers. Using cell phone in high school has a lot of advantages because it can be an educational tool in the class if the teachers know how to use it for teaching and important and improve their lessons. Students can also use it for research about their lessons and to answer difficult questions and even they can connect with each other after school for their projects and other studies. A lot of parents support the idea of using cell phones but outside the classes for example in the field to ensure the safety of their children if there is a sort of emergency. On the other hand there are also some dis advantages about using cell phones in high school and they are very disruptive to students and teachers. Also the phone could make egregious problems if they use the privet areas and publishing them. A lot of schools don’t have a policy of using cell phones by teachers inside the school, but they not allowed them to use it during lessons. Cell phones may be helpful for teachers if they are in activity outside the school to use it for emergency issues, otherwise it will cause a distraction during lessons. Another point we can consider it that it’s important that the bus driver has a cell phone because he will be away from the school when he with the children. To conclude using cell phones in high schools need more studies to apply it in the future. But could schools change their policy to use cell phones as an educational tool by students and teachers during classes? In the future â€Å"yes† it could be because technology well becomes our life in schools or anywhere else but we must use it in the good way and the school must control that carefully by a lot of strict policies.

A Study of The Two Marriage Proposals that Elizabeth Declines: Romance Versus Security Essay

Romance Versus Security. â€Å"It is universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.† These are the words of Jane Austen, and like many people of her time, she believed very much in the importance of finding a wealthy husband for young women. Jane Austen’s novel reflects the importance of marriage to many people around 1775. Although events such as the industrial revolution were sweeping the country, these were ignored and the life of a few middle class families in a country village were depicted. Marriage at this time was a way of securing a happy livelihood and relative happiness; love was not really a factor, marriage was a source of financial security. Being more of a convenience than a romantic affair. However this was beginning to become a factor as traditions slowly changed around this period. Still many women married to their advantage; there was still a very rigid class system although a new middle class was beginning to emerge. The alternative was life as a governess, which was not one of great social status. Jane Austen believed that marriage was â€Å"The only honourable provision for well educated young woman of small fortune.† This wasn’t a romantic union; it was a contract. A character that does value the importance of marriage for her daughters is Mrs. Bennet. † The business of her life was to get her daughters married.† This is because her current home, Longbourn estate, is entailed to a cousin Mr. Collins. This means when Mr. Bennet dies Mr. Collins is heir and the Bennet sisters would either have to rely on the hospitality of their male relative or become a governess. This soon becomes apparent to Mrs. Bennet and she sees it as imperative that her daughters are married off. In Pride and Prejudice Elizabeth Bennet receives two proposals of marriage the first from her cousin the bumbling Mr. Collins. The Bennet family had received a letter prior to his arrival; the impression put across is that Mr. Collins is long winded and all over a bit of a fool. This letter prepares the family and the reader for the arrival of a pompous egotist. Mrs. Bennet is excited about his arrival, as it is clear he is passing on marital business, causing great interest among the sisters and above all Mrs. Bennet. At the Netherfield ball he makes a complete show of himself as he lacks decorum and etiquette. His inability to dance is a cause of amusement to the characters and the reader. â€Å"The first two dances, however, brought a return of distress; solemn, apologising instead of intending.† He unwittingly introduces himself to Darcy and recieves a cold reception Whilst joining in the festivities, it becomes clear that Collins greatly admires Lady Catherine De Bourgh, his groveling adorations add to his foolery. He continues to examine every inch of the house comparing it directly to Rosings, in a very rude manner. Just as Collins tedious absurdness reaches its height, Elizabeth begins to fall for Wickham’s charms and stories of hate against Darcy and Collins proposal is unexpected and very unwelcome. Mr. Collins proposal to Elizabeth is a model of comical wit, and cannot be taken seriously, the very way he approaches the matter is ridiculous. â€Å"My reasons for marrying are†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Not romantically orientated at all, it is hardly going to win any woman’s heart, least of all Elizabeth’s. He breaks down his reasons, numbering them. And although Collins is sincere, the element of comedy is never lost as he is excessively formal and at great length tries to explain his reason, which is clearly unnecessary. â€Å"†¦Made Elizabeth so near laughing.† The sheer length reflects Collins long winded nature. He even manages to mention Lady Catherine De Bourgh. As he draws to the end of his speech Collins does attempt a little romance, but all in vain: â€Å"†¦The most animated language of the violence of my affections†. Elizabeth becomes a little alarmed and rightly so, as Collins thinks it impossible for her to refuse. â€Å"†¦You are too hasty, sir.† But Collins won’t brook a refusal and continues with his stilted speech until Elizabeth has had enough and forcefully rejects him. Mr. Collins assumes this is the usual behaviour of young woman and that Elizabeth is simply being coy. His ignorance adds to the comedy. It takes 5 firm rejections before he seems to accept her answer. This refusal was very brave of Elizabeth .So much so that it may even be considered foolhardy. She cannot be guaranteed another proposal of marriage. Leaving her future hanging in the balance. Mrs. Bennet is understandably distressed when she hears of Elizabeth’s decision. Mr. Bennet is more relieved. One can hardly see Elizabeth married to a character like Collins. Her intelligence would be stifled. Elizabeth shows spirit and a fiery independence. But she does risk a lot by turning Collins down. However, someone who felt they couldn’t afford to risk no other proposal was Charlotte Lucas. She sees their marriage as a practicality, she needs her home comforts and the security Collins provides. She is already 27 years old and in need of a stable future. This is a direct example of how romance is only beginning to creep into marriage. It is obvious to Elizabeth that there was no romance in Collin’s proposal as he almost instantly moves on and his â€Å"affections† change. When Darcy proposes, it seems unlikely that Elizabeth would dare refuse a second suitor. But as much as Elizabeth couldn’t stand Collins, she despises Darcy. This prejudice is fuelled from a remark Darcy made at the Netherfield ball, â€Å"She is tolerable; but not handsome enough to tempt me.† This sparks a great dislike that continues to grow as the book progresses, by the time Darcy decides to propose, Elizabeth has been told by Wickham of his dealings with him and the interference of Bingley and Jane. Like Collins, Darcy is the last person Elizabeth would like to marry at the moment in time. Apart from the prejudice the timing is very off and she is already very agitated. Her prejudice and his pride combine to make the most incompatible two characters, however he is unaware. And in the same way that Collins lacked romance, Darcy’s opening line is hardly a compliment, â€Å"In vain I have struggled. It will not do. My feelings will not be repressed.† Darcy goes on to describe her inferiority and low connections. Despite this rather confident approach, the proposal is flawed from the start. He proceeds to insult her and her true feelings are soon revealed. † I have every reason in the world to think ill of you.† Despite Darcy’s obvious feelings, Elizabeth makes her long standing dislike quite plain. When Elizabeth confronts him about the Wickham incident he doesn’t deny involvement but replies in a sarcastic manner, â€Å"Yes, his misfortunes have been great indeed.† By the time Darcy leaves Elizabeth is reeling, she can’t believe his feelings. Astonishment leads to anger, as he showed no sign of denying his involvements with the break up of Jane and Mr. Bingley. To turn down one marriage proposal was risky but to do so again must have been foolish, most women would have thrown themselves at Darcy’s feet. He is a wealthy handsome young suitor. However Elizabeth cannot be married to some one she despises. She makes it perfectly clear to Darcy that however he had proposed she wouldn’t have accepted, â€Å"†¦You could not have made me the offer of your hand in any possible way that would have tempted me to accept it.† There is a rather ironic link that both men that propose are the only two men on earth Elizabeth wouldn’t dream of marrying. This is a great show of strength and courage. With a mother such as Mrs. Bennet it would be difficult to find any one who would be happy to take on such a family connection and Darcy makes it clear that to marry Elizabeth would be a â€Å"degradation† but nothing will deter him. The two marriage proposals are very different and very different outcomes; whether Elizabeth was foolhardy to decline two or not is debatable, but it is true to say she shows great independence considering her financial insecurity and social status. In turning down these proposals, was she ruining her chances of ever having a decent future?

Business Environment Of Vodafone Group Plc Marketing Essay

Business Environment Of Vodafone Group Plc Marketing Essay The aim of this report is to analysis the external and internal business environment of Vodafone Group Plc, and identifies possible strategy for Vodafone to sustain growth. Vodafone existence in Europe, Middle East, Africa, Asia Pacific and United States; operated in form of subsidiary, joint venture, associated, or investment in 21 countries, and operated in form of partner market agreement in 49 countries. See Annex I for details. To understand a company, it is best practice to begin from its Vision and Mission statement to understand the corporate direction. â€Å"Our Vision is to be the world’s mobile communication leader – enriching customers’ lives, helping individuals, businesses and communities be more connected in a mobile world.† â€Å"Our mission is to lead the industry in responding to public concerns regarding mobile phones, masts and health by demonstrating leading edge practices and encouraging others to follow.† External analysis PE STEL Analysis is tool used to scan the external macro-environment in which the company operates. It express in terms of Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal. Political Political factors including political stability, labor law, environmental law, trade restrictions, tax policy, and tariff. Country which Vodafone operate their business are political stable, and welcome for foreign investment or joint venture with local business. China, Israel, India have tax benefit for foreign investor. In UK, Ofcom introduced the local loop unbundling process required BT to allow other operators to install their own equipment in BT exchange; this policy lowered the entry barrier for the industry. Also more licenses was issued to new operator, competition in the market has become hot. Economic Economic factors including exchange rate, interest rate, inflation rate, and the economic growth. The global financial crisis especially in Europe causes the economic growth slo wly. Under this situation, customers become more price-driven than quality-driven. The bargaining power of bankers become stronger, get loan from bank become more difficult and have to pay higher interest. Social Social factors including population growth rate, age distribution, cultural aspects and life style. In Vodafone’s home country -UK, the population is increasing due to immigration and birth rate increase. The life style and way of using mobile phone are changing. The number of fixed line user is decreasing and the number of mobile phone user is increasing. Mobile phone is no longer using for only making phone call and text message, nowadays mobile phone is also use for web browsing, social media, and entertainment. Technological Technological factors including rate of technological change, automation, and technology incentives. The way of people using mobile phone change, need of a faster data transmission rate become necessary. New technology on both hardware and so ftware, such as IP phone and video on demand become common technology. Environmental Environmental factors including environmental protection regulation and non-regulated issue related to the industry. Currently there is no environmental regulation directly related to the industry. Legal Legal factors referring to laws regulating businesses. EU Roaming Regulation urges operators to lower charge on roaming service. Internal Analysis Resources Analysis Tangible Resources Vodafone Group Plc has total  £139,576 million of assets in year 2012. It has 14,000 stores and 238,000 base stations worldwide.

Social Security Reform Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social Security Reform - Essay Example This discussion briefly explains how Social Security is collected and distributed, how it affects different segments of society and why the fund is shrinking. It then examines the Bush administration’s proposed solution to the problem and debates the merits of this plan designed to privatize Social Security. The Social Security system operates by collecting taxpayer money and redistributing it to selected persons in need. Employees pay about six percent of their salary into Social Security and their employer contributes a matching amount. The fund earns interest by investing in U.S. Treasury bonds then pays retirees who have paid into the fund as employees. It also pays to the spouses of deceased retirees and to disabled persons of working age. Half of the nation’s elderly would live below the poverty line if not for the benefits paid by Social Security as opposed to the ten percent presently in poverty. Today, nearly 60 percent of retirees acquire more than half of their income from Social Security. For a third of recipients, benefits account for 90 percent of their total income. Today, Social Security is taking in slightly more money than it is paying out but, according to government estimates, the reverse will be true â€Å"within the next fifteen to twenty years† (Johnson, 2006) but will still be capable of paying full benefits until about 2042. The Social Security Administration estimates that the funding balance will tip by 2028 and steadily decline until the fund is exhausted in 2042 at which time it will retain the interest paid from the Treasury bonds and when that is depleted these bonds are sold back to the government to replenish the fund. An insufficient Social Security fund translates to reduced benefits. If the current system is not changed, full benefits would be paid through 2042 then decreased by at least 25 percent from then until 2078 and cut again after that. This looming deficit could be offset if

Comcast Executive Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Comcast Executive Summary - Essay Example The business is incorporated as a publicly traded company registered in the NASDAQ under the symbols CMCSA and CMCSK. As of November 30, 2009 the value of the firm’s CMCSA stock was priced at $14.66. Brian L. Roberts is the current chief executive officer in charge of Comcast Corporation. There are several Cable Networks that belong to Comcast. Four of those networks are TV One, G4, the Style Network, and E! Entertainment Television. During fiscal year 2008 Comcast achieved yearly revenues of $34,256 and a net income of $2,547. The net profit margin for 2008 was 7.44%. At the end of 2008 the business had accumulated total assets of $113,017 with a healthy debt to equity ratio of 0.64. Due to the growing competition from satellite companies Comcast must invest its advertising money well to get the maximum impact. There are future opportunities for the company to achieve higher market share and penetrate growing segments of the communication marketplace such as VOIP and G4 mobil e internet connectivity. Along with the analysis of Comcast Corporation another topic that will be covered in this paper is the future outlook for graduates in the telecommunication

Resaerch Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Resaerch - Research Paper Example The 20 factors include instructions to the worker, training, integration with the business; control of assistants, continuing relationship, the set of hours a worker is required to work and the requirement of full time. The performance of the work on the employer’s premises, sequence or order of work, the requirement of reports, mode of payment including expenses, provision of tools and equipment, the level of investment and realization of profits and losses are also included in the 20 factor test. Additionally, the ability to work for more than one entity, the provision of services to the general public as well as the right to discharge and terminate the relationship also assist in the distinction (Steingold 68). A lawyer, for example, does not have to comply with instructions from the employer about where to work and how the work is to be done. The training of a lawyer is not conducted by the employer, but undertaken as a personal initiative. The services of a lawyer are not integrated into the employers business and these services are not necessarily rendered by the lawyer and can be delegated to another individual. The employment, supervision and remuneration of assistants employed by the lawyers are not controlled by the employer but by the lawyer. There is no continuing relationship between a lawyer and the employer and neither are there set working hours nor the requirement to work full time. The location of work is also the choice of the lawyer so is the order of the work to be done. The lawyer is not required to provide reports to the employer and payment is not done periodically, but rather on the terms of the contract. A lawyer can also work for more than one individual and can pro vide his or her services to the general public. A lawyer cannot be dismissed on other issues except nonperformance and where the lawyer decides to terminate the relationship at any time before the performance he is likely to incur a liability. According

Critique of Food and Beverage Operations in the Eye of a Management, Assignment

Critique of Food and Beverage Operations in the Eye of a Management, Support Staff and Customer - Assignment Example In this paper, a critique of hospitality industry operation is made. Considerations are made fro three different hotels; Mediterranean food, Asian food, American dinner. The critique will be viewed in a perspective of a chief in the case of Mediterranean food and in the perspective of a staff in the case of Asian food, and finally in the customer’s perspective in the case of American dinner. The American dinner restaurant is one of the leading hospitality facilities in its location. The location of the restaurant is strategically positioned so as to enable ease of access by many hungry customers of the city. As a guest, the privileges of knowing the detailed operations of the restaurant were accorded and hence a critique of the concepts in this industry was undertaken following the concepts below. Proper marketing paves way for the identification of the right consumer. In this restaurant, various concepts have been developed by the management so as to come up with an optimum share of the market from other competitors. Some of the concepts employed are; The firm has positioned itself just at the heart of the city so as to reap the benefit of a large number of customers. This is an excellent strategy since some customers who would like to get quick meals before returning to work can be able to do so. The problem with the location in the city is that the presence of noise and stuffy environment may not be the choice for many people; prestige goes with quietness and serene ambiance. The menu is the most essential marketing tool and this restaurant has capitalized on that. The menu at this place is treated as the business card for the restaurant. As the customer enters into the hotel, he/she is met by a waiter who hands the menu just at the door, the customer selects the place to sit as he/she goes through the menu. The menu type employed here is the folded format.

Summarizing how information security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Summarizing how information security - Essay Example Information Security System of Citibank With Respect To CIA Triangle CIA Principle The CIA triad namely Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability can be considered as one of the simple and widely applicable security models for an organization which assures to protect all kinds of information from external threats. These three major principles are supposed to be relevant with the entire security analysis of an organization (Imperial College London, 2012). Confidentiality: Confidentiality can be acknowledged as the ability to maintain secrecy of information from unauthorized external users. It is possibly the major apparent aspect of the CIA triangle in terms of security assurance for an organization. However, this principle is frequently attacked by the external users through Cryptography and Encryption techniques in order to transfer files or information from one system to another (Imperial College London, 2012). In the context of Citibank, it has been found that the organization s eeks to implement a well-built security system in order to protect the information related to financial aspects and other banking transactions of its 200 million customers (Citigroup Inc., 2012). Integrity: According to the CIA principle, the aspect of integrity can be stated as the ability to make sure of keeping or storing data or information in an appropriate and unaffected way. It has been learnt that Citibank manages the personal data, records as well as information of each client in an appropriate manner and with the assistance of Citi Records Management Policy as well as Citi Data Management Policy. Furthermore, the organization implements advanced security processing system of each data, record or information that are collected from individual clients in terms of appropriate and secured storage capacity (Citigroup Inc., 2012). Availability: This principle of the CIA triad relates to the accessibility of transaction records or information by an appropriate and authorized user at the right time. However, various security issues with respect to accessing transactional record and information of a client by other external or unauthorized persons have been recorded. The organization is known to adopt an advanced form of process to identify the appropriate and authorized persons (Citigroup Inc., 2012). Security Policies in Citibank Citibank ensures an effective and efficient form of security policy regarding maintaining and protecting data, information or record of its individual client. In the context of information security, it can be stated that the organization strictly maintains laws and regulations in order to increase the level of protecting information from external threats. Citibank significantly pursues a formal set of rules and regulations pertaining to The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) which is also known as ‘Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999.’ According to this Act, the financial service providers need to possess appropria te information security systems in order to maintain and protect the personal form of information of each client. Moreover, the regulatory Act also focuses on maintaining an effective and appropriate CIA principle with respect to the various transactions made by any financial institution

Change Management of the Company Engaged in a Merger Term Paper

Change Management of the Company Engaged in a Merger - Term Paper Example Effective management of change process in an organization is vital as this determines and contributes to a successful implementation of the changes. Change implementation in an organization is a process which if well managed it can lead to a decrease in change resistance and higher productivity, competitiveness, and profitability of an organization. The management should come up with strategies to ensure that the change management process is successful. For effective change management to take place, the human resource must be highly involved it is the gear towards attaining a change in an organization. Change is naturally detested especially because of the uncertainty it leads to and as such, cases of resistance must occur. Effective management of resistance is vital in ensuring that the changing process runs smoothly and quickly. As mentioned, the management must ensure that the changes which are about to be implemented in an organization are highly appreciated by the workers. Manag ement should engage in dialogue with the workers so as to ensure changes are implemented. Training and counseling are also vital in enhancing change management in an organization (Johnson, 1992). ABC Company a high-tech company, being faced with hyper-competition decided to engage in a merger with two of its competitors. The merger required a major changing process, especially because the other two competitors were employing completely different management and production styles. This required implementation of a change management process which is explained below. Competition has been on the rise which is caused by globalization, dynamism in the technological environment and emergence of competitive companies in the market. This has necessitated constant changes in most organizations which are aimed at taking advantage of opportunities posed by the environment while at the same time minimizing costs and threats which the environment poses.

Medical Microbiology - GI Tract, CNS, Urogenital Tract Assignment

Medical Microbiology - GI Tract, CNS, Urogenital Tract - Assignment Example The infections are usually characterized by frequent urge to urinate, painful and general malaise. The UTIs reoccurrence is most common in 40% of the UTI females. The infection occurs with the E.Coli but with a different strain. The key features of Uropathogenic E.Coli are Type I cystitis and Pili pyelonephritits. The use of catheters is the most common health associated infections. Staphylococcus saprophytics: It is considered to be the second most frequent causative agent of acute UTI, particularly in Women. Patients with UTI caused by this agent usually experience symptomatic cystitis. It causes UTIs in sexually active women. Proteus mirabilis: The virulence factor associated with this is proteases, haemolysins, and Biofilm formation. Biofilms are the group of microorganisms growing on the surfaces enclosed as â€Å"slime†. Apart from the UPEC’s, staphylococcus saprophytic, Candida, proteus mirabilis, klebseilla and mycoplasma and urethra plasma organisms are responsible. The diagnosis includes leukocyte esterase test, nitrates test, etc. The juxta position of urinary and genital tracks are more common. Prostatitis and Epididymitis are other related clinical outcomes. Antibiotics are used for the treatment. 1) Although urine contains various salts, and waste products, it usually does not have bacteria in it. However, when________ bacteria gets into the bladder or kidney, it will multiply cause Urinary Tract Infections. 3) Urogenital infections not caused by sexual transmission, namely yeast vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, and urinary tract infection remain a major medical problem in terms of the number of women afflicted each year. Which of the following microbe is not responsible for the urogenital infections? Sexually transmitted Diseases (STDs) are transmitted by anal and oral routes. The micro organisms are transmitted through the exchange of the body fluids from the infected to susceptible partners. WHO

Black People and Dorothy Allison Essay Example for Free

Black People and Dorothy Allison Essay Race, class and gender have been a topic for most books that have been written. A lot of books talk about these topics because it is something most people face. Whether youre at work and cant get a promotion because of your gender, excluded from a place because of your class or hated because of your race. Know matter what you will be faced with one if these topics in your life time. Dorothy Allisons Bastard out of Carolina deals with these issues in a very intriguing way. She uses them to keep the story flowing and keep the reader interested. In the novel BOC, Allison uses race, class and gender in a very stereotypical way. The story of Bone takes place in a time where race was a conservational topic. You can say America was split in two groups, the whites and blacks. If you were black life was not easy. Black people were discriminated against. Even though slavery was over the black nation was not accepted by the white people. Racism means Discrimination or prejudice based on race (2). This word was not really used in this book because the narrative was Bone, a white girl. When Bone would visit Aunt Almas apartment she would come to face black children. There and then is when the stereotypes of black people started. The grown ups in Bone had nothing good to say about the niggers that lived by Aunt Alma. Running off with a mans children, living in the dirty place with niggers all around. My little girls having to go up those stairs past those nigger boys. My wife walking the street past those peckerwoods! (Allison 89). The family really did not approve of Aunt Alma living around black people. They were thought to be dirty and uncivilized people. Black people were also thought to be stupid and worthless. Bone was young at the time and did not know what to think about them. But she did not feel the same as her elders. Instead she made friends with them and learned to like them. I think Allison is trying to show the innocence of a child. Most kids are caring and loving until they are taught to hate. Bone grew up in a poor family. They would be considered in todays society as trailer trash. The stereotype of poor white folks was present in Bastard out of Carolina. Anne and Glen did not really have money so it was hard to support the kids. They basically lived with very little. They couldnt settle down at one house so they moved from one run down house to another. A lot of the characters described in this book had a lot of resemblance to what we would consider a red neck. For instance Uncle Travis has a big Chevy. Bone says it was jacked up so high that it easily cradled little kids or pregnant woman (Allison 1). Almost all the boys in the family had trucks. Thats typical for a red neck. Bone describes the Boatwright men as rugged, kind of dirty strong boys. They loved to fight and drink beer. The Boatwright family was big which again stereotyped poor white families. Also poor people are known to have kids out of wedlock. That was the situation Bone was. She was born out of wedlock and she never knew who her father was. That is the significance of the title Bastard out of Carolina. Gender also played a big role in this novel by Dorothy Allison. The male and female gender played a very distinctive role. In the Boatwright family the men are thought to be the physically strong. They take care of the family. They get into fights and are feared by a lot of people in town. Women of that time were supposed to stay at home cook and clean. They were supposed to wait for their husbands and never talk back. But I think Allison reversed the stereotype about women by making the Boatwright women very different. Most of them had jobs and were supporting them selfs. Aunt Raylene and Aunt Alma were some of the girls that lived by themselves. The women were strong too and they stuck together. Another way gender played a role was the relationship between Anne and Glen. From all the Boatwright women Anne was the weakest one. In the relationship Glen basically controlled Anne. Every time he did something bad she would end up forgiving him. Even after she found out he has been beating Bone she forgave him. Glen had all the power and Anne couldnt do anything because she loved him. Bastard out of Carolina faces issues about race, class and gender. Allison builds a world where all these issues are faced. Through the main character Bone, we see how race, class and gender affect her and her family. Race played a role when Bone meets black people for the first time and instead of judging them she became friend with them. The Boatwrights social status is not the best but they are feared by the community. They are considered poor and red necks. The last big issue that is seen in BOC is gender. Allison changed things up by making the women in the family stronger and more independent than other women of that time. In the end I think Allison decided to stereotype race, class and gender to show us it makes things worse then they already are. Work Cited 2 entries found for racism. 2003. Lexico Publishing Group, LLC. 19 Feb. 2006 http://owl. english. purdue. edu/handouts/research/r_mla. html Allison Dorothy. Bastard out of Carolina. New York. Penguin Group. 1993.

The Last Unicorn And Song of Kali Essay Example for Free

The Last Unicorn And Song of Kali Essay Plot Summaries The Last Unicorn The Last Unicorn’ begins in a lilac wood where two hunters discuss the disappearance of unicorns from the world. One of them is convinced of the existence of a unicorn, because the forest they stand in has magical powers. He calls out to the unicorn to protect herself, as she is the last of her kind. The unicorn hears the entreaties, is moved by the hunter’s words. It leaves the safety of the forest to find the truth. The unicorn encounters a variety of characters including a band of outlaws, a butterfly and an old witch. Help comes in the form of a bumbling magician, aided by a weary kitchen maid and a love stricken prince. All these characters make the unicorn aware of what befell her kind and ways to save them. Song of Kali Bobby Luczac, an American poet, goes to India on an assignment for Harper’s magazine in search of a poetry manuscript supposedly penned by a man named M. Das, who is presumed dead since eight years. Now, the man is back and writes a new poem. Luczac is commissioned to travel to Calcutta, and on the visit, he is accompanied by his Indian wife and baby daughter. The assignment is to write an article on Das and negotiate translation rights for the poem. However, is Das really alive, or back from the dead? His new poem, quite uncharacteristically, proclaims the song of Kali – the Hindu deity of destruction.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Bobby soon discovers that he and his family face great danger in the city. The family gets entangled in a religious cult engaged in the worship of Kali, a cruel deity, whose doctrine is to gain power through violence. The book contains hair-raising descriptions of Calcutta and strange rites. Calcutta is the major character in the novel portrayed in sinister terms. This is an apt venue for someone to sing Kali’s song of pain and death. Fantasy elements An interpretation of fantasy makes it separate the â€Å"I† and non â€Å"I† and self from the other. What this means is that fantasy is elevated reality, which tends to draw one away from one’s immediate reality and be completely absorbed, instead, in the substance of the fantasy and the existence of the ‘other’. The best of fantasy draws one away from a sense of time and space, when complete detachment from one’s self is possible. These exotic descriptions will be understood if the experience with films or books is considered. Theatre may not fully deliver the experience of detachment, as there is a certain amount of objectivity. Fantasy’s theatre of sustenance is in the mind and that is why films and books can draw us into the realm of fantasy quicker. The involvement is intimate – the darkness of the cinema hall and the riveting power of the printed word, releases us from ‘being’, so to speak. While absorbed in the narration we are the ‘others’ in the story â€Å"I’ lives in the other. The mind draws the vivid emotions and scenes in a book and the compelling power of imagery in films has the same effect as the descriptions in a book. The supernatural in narration has more or less, the same impact. In its narration, the â€Å"I† is completely the servant of the narrator or the experience narrated. Part of us wants to believe completely while the real person is detached. The strongest enticement of fantasy is here – the elastic struggle between the two extremes of being – ‘I’ and the ‘other’ is really the delicious part of a fantasy. ‘Song of Kali’ The novel by Dan Simmons is a dark tale of the supernatural, which has compelling scenes of horror. There is yet another type of fantasy – the rendering of a horror story which almost deliciously,’ shocks us out of our wits† and we revisit horror gain and again to experience the thrill of being drawn beyond ourselves in a terrifying narration. In ‘Song of†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ the author wants us to be drawn willingly to the tiger’s lair in anticipation of what will come next. â€Å"The world is pain, O terrible wife of Shiva you are chewing the flesh; O terrible wife of Siva your tongue is drinking the blood, O dark Mother! O unclad Mother O beloved of Siva the world is pain’ (Simmons, 71). The terrifying invocation to the goddess Kali, while describing animal sacrifice to the deity and the nocturnal presence of the kali cult, draws a part of us willingly into the dark depths of the supernatural/fantasy/ horror story. There are of course three perspectives present in the narration: the author’s, ours and the lead character’s. Through an interweaving of these perspectives, we live the story in terrified anticipation of events unfolding. The references to blood and sacrifice leave us shocked while a part of us always prods us in disbelief at believing such nonsense. However, of course by now, the willing â€Å"I† has been completely hypnotized and taken away to realms deep within the depth of our subconscious. The detached eye of the author reports that the cult described in such ferociously evil terms was banned by the British and seems to have surfaced again or that, the cult members are criminals. Disregarding such warnings, we are one with the Luczacs caught up in the terrifying city. A philosophical theory presents the world as gigantic battlefield between Good and Evil forces – and this is used by the author of ‘Song†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ to create his own personal version of the Evil Forces as Calcutta itself. The descriptions of Calcutta (it would take a lot of willing disbelief to do so !) and inhabitants and dark rituals is portrayed in a form of ‘realism’ which is convincing to our ‘other selves’ by now completely immersed in the flight of the family through the winding lanes of the city – ‘the ceremonies in progress were most dignified. It was the day of the new moon in celebration of Durga and the head of an ox was on an iron spike†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Simmons, 71) Our ‘rational side’ says, completely ignore such nonsense – while the ‘other ‘self takes flight in supernatural alleyways. Calcutta itself being a major character is latter day hell on Earth – a place where different laws of reality apply- the tales of Kali could be cooked up by the cult members or could be true in this bizarre world of elevated religious superstition. People are almost apparitions – not even real beings. What happens to the main characters is realistic description to which our shell-shocked selves are frequently returned to savor slices of violence and reality. The foreboding tale of evil spun against the background of deeply entrenched religious superstition is not really a fantasy. It is not something we would like to learn a lot from, there are no heart tugging insights – no matter how well told the story. The Last Unicorn Two of the central themes of this book are those of being and not being. Most characters in it are part of the ‘not I’, they are trying to become something, to reach an ideal. With the exception of the unicorn character all, the main figures in the book are really trying to be people they are not. People in the book remember songs and stories of unicorns from days gone by however, they are unable to see a real Unicorn standing in their midst. The Unicorn also senses that she is encountering things that are not as they appear, and has a difficult time along with us as readers, making out the difference. â€Å"This is illusion, the unicorn told herself. This is Illusion – and raised a head heavy with death to stare into the deep of the last cage and see, not old age, but Mommy Fortuna herself. And the Unicorn knew she had not become mortal and ugly at all, but she did not feel beautiful again. Perhaps she was illusion too, she thought wearily† (Beagle, 25). The bumbling magician, Schmendrick is one example of characters trying to become someone else. The first time he meets the Unicorn, he nearly kills the enchanted animal while trying to free her from her cage (Beagle, 34). He goes on through the novel making a complete fool of himself. When he tries to entertain Captain Cully’s â€Å"merry men†, he is forced to use sleight of hand because he knows his spells are not reliable at all Throughout the book , Schmendrick constantly persists at trying to be a real wizard but fails. Molly Grue is a character who is trying to change from what she is. She is a poor man’s Maid Marian. Though she lives with an outlaw who rescued her from an evil baron, she does not fit the pat as the love of Robin Hood. She does not take on the sweetness and beauty of the fairy tale. Captain Cully professes â€Å"she is suspicious, pinched, dour, and prematurely old, even a touch tyrannical† (Beagle, 57). This middle-aged woman is cynical and broken. She even admits this to the unicorn â€Å"How dare you, how dare you come to me now, when I am this with a flap of her hand she summed herself up: barren face, desert eyes and yellowing heart† (Beagle, 70). Captain Cully is yet another example of a character that desperately wants to be much greater than he is. He wants to be remembered as a Robin Hood. He has his men write and sing songs about great deeds he never did. He lives the life of an outlaw stealing from the rich and giving to the poor and gives the rich a percentage. Even his ‘merry men’ lack enthusiasm: as one of them says â€Å"No offense, Captain, but we’re really not very merry, when all’s said† (Beagle, 61). Peter Beagle, the author, leaves many of the unfulfilled characters that way. The â€Å"good† characters – Shmendrick and Molly for example have come to be the people they want to be. Schmendrick is a great wizard and Molly is a fair and innocent maiden. Conclusion One can extend this theme to the two characters most alike to each other, the Unicorn and The Red Bull. It is clear through the novel that she is everything a unicorn is claimed.   She is immortal, has magical abilities and cannot be captured by mortal means. She is a magical being that cannot be seen by members of the ‘non being† world. The farmer who tries to capture her thinking that she is a mare, is part of this† non† being world. Because Molly Grue and Schmendrick so intensely want to change to much greater beings than what they are, they can see creatures from the other not so mundane world. The devotees of the Kali cult in ‘Song of Kali’ seem to be doing so but do they really ?, Why Beagle inserts themes of â€Å"being† and â€Å"non being† is perhaps because he felt that life is often based on perspective. What we want to see, hear and do depends on us. If we want to, we can settle for the lowest common denominator, like the simple farmer. Alternatively, we can push ourselves to be more than we are given, like Molly and Schmendrick. What the author says is we can either see magic and opportunity in our lives or ignore it. Works Cited: Beagle, Peter S. The Last Unicorn: (40th Anniversary Edition). Roc Trade. (January 1, 1991) Simmons, Dan. Song of Kali. Tor Books. First Edition edition (January 15, 1998)

Analysis Of Marketing Positioning Of Kelloggs Special K Marketing Essay

Analysis Of Marketing Positioning Of Kelloggs Special K Marketing Essay Kotler et als ideology of marketing entailing understanding consumers and their needs and designing marketing initiatives to deliver those needs (2009, p. 5) emerges in the marketing endeavors undertaken by the Kelloggs Special K (SK) cereal brand. The marketing foresight inculcated by the brand not only helped it contribute to the overall success of the Kellogg conglomerate but also helped it evolve as a strong contender in the UK cereal industry. This assignment will unravel the marketing practices followed by the SK brand by analyzing its positioning in the UK cereal market. The analyses will encompass highlighting the customer segmentation adapted by this cereal brand followed by evaluating the efficacy of its target market selection. Subsequently, it will assess the cereals positioning as compared with its competitors positioning including its usage of the marketing mix elements to sustain that positioning. Finally as an outcome of the above analysis, it will offer recommendatio ns to strengthen the brands market positioning. Assumptions Made: Barring considering the retailers as buyers for a five force analysis of the UK cereal industry, the assignment considers the end users as the consumers of the SK cereal. Whilst for a perceptual map, price  [1]  has been used to draw inferences on the product quality of the various cereal brands, Kelloggs product life cycle stage in the UK market and SKs brand share have been used to draw inferences on SKs product life cycle stage. UK Cereal Market and Kelloggs: The UK cereal market grew by 15.7% in value between 2004 and 2008 because of the perceived health benefits of and convenience in consuming cereals coupled with the declining popularity of the traditional breakfast (Worth, 2009). This growth rate indicates the attractiveness of UK cereal industry, which is also substantiated by a Porters five forces analysis of the market (represented diagrammatically in Figure 1.1). This oligopolistic market is dominated by three big brands: Kelloggs, Weetabix and Cereal Partners (Worth, 2009 and Datamonitor, 2009a) with Kelloggs leading the market (as shown in figure 1.2). Since giving the world its very first ready to eat cereal cornflakes (Emerald, 1991, p. 16), Kelloggs has become practically synonymous with breakfast cereals (Mitchell and Boustani, 1992, p. 21). With over 100 years of experience in the cereal business, it appears that Kelloggs has built its high brand value (shown in figure 1.3) on consistent pioneering innovations and incessant delivery of consumers nutritious food requirements. And keeping true to this tradition is Special K, the leading cereal brand of the Kelloggs family  [2]  . Special K and its marketing choices: Launched in the UK in 1959 (Kelloggs Special K, 2009), Special K is a nutritious low-fat, ready to eat diet cereal that owes its eminent market position to the enhanced marketing choices made by the Kellogg marketers (Kellogg Company, 2003,2004). Following section of the assignment will analyse the components of the marketing choices made by the SK brand. Market segmentation and Target Market: SK is targeted at weight conscious women, employed/homemakers, between the ages of 25-49 who desire to attain a slimmer shape either for a healthy lifestyle or for an occasion. And in pursuit of their weight goals these women will prefer to consume nutritious food substitutes including paying an above average price for the product. Alike the cereal manufacturers who use a number of variables to segment their customers (deduced from the data on consumption of cereals displayed in figure 1.4), it appears that SK also segments its customers using demographic variables such as gender, age and occupation and behavioral variables such as occasion and benefits. But unlike the other cereal manufacturers, SK utilized its customer segmentation to identify and serve a distinct market group, which proved to be attractive and profitable over catering to the entire mass market. Moreover factors that contribute to the continued success of serving this target market are: Dieting trends: Results of a consumer research carried out in 2008 revealed that women are constantly trying to lose weight, where 24.3% of the women dieted most of the time as compared to 13.9% of men (Baxter, 2009). This consumer behaviour augments SKs target market selection. Popularity of Health food: The popularity of health food is increasing as confirmed by a consumer research where 43.8% of the research pool displayed an affirmative interest in purchasing functional food. This growing trend benefits SK as women (47.3%) accounted for the majority of the preference over men (40.1%) (Taylor, 2008). UK Obesity levels: The forecasted UK obesity levels for 2010 where women (29%) are more likely to be obese then men (27%) (Gower, 2008) not only favors SKs product proposition but also provides the brand with an opportunity to expand its customer base. Grocery shopping: SK can effectively access its target market using Kelloggs existing distribution channel of grocery chains, owing to the consumer behaviour where women undertake majority of the shopping at supermarkets as compared to the men (shown in figure 1.5). Growth of UK cereal market: In addition to its current growth rate (as discussed earlier), the UK cereal market is also forecasted to prosper in the future (displayed in figure 1.6). This future growth rate, supported by an immense market potential that exists in the form of people still skipping their breakfast, enables SK to attract new customers. Whilst the above factors substantiate SKs distinctive target market selection it is also imperative to evaluate the brands positioning in this target market as compared to its competitors to gauge the success of its marketing foresight. Competitors versus Special Ks positioning: Though Porters five force analysis of the UK cereal industry reveals that competitive rivalry in this market is moderate, failure by cereal manufacturers in differentiating their products will result in increased competition. SK endures industry competition based on the category points of the parity from other health cereal brands, including the various Kellogg brands, and market competition from other slimming aids such as diets, meal replacements and appetite suppressants (represented diagrammatically in figure 1.7). Whilst the popularity of the cereals is on the rise (refer to prior discussion) the popularity of the slimming aids is on the decline due to the augmented awareness of the healthy eating habits (Baxter, 2009). Hence though the slimming aids are positioned as weight management products (Refer to figure 1.8 for the positioning of the various slimming aids in the market) also targeted at women, it can be deduced that SK has a superior market potential over these products. A perceptual mapping of SK with its industry competitors (displayed in figure 1.9) divulges that the brand is perceived as high quality premium priced product by its customers. However SKs consumer perceived value is not alone limited to its price and quality differentiation but rather is accentuated by its unique market positioning in the cereal industry. Special K is positioned as a premium shape management nutritious cereal for women The above positioning unveils that instead of imitating its competitors by using common variables such as quality, energy, taste, natural ingredients and price, SK utilizes the popular variable of body shape to differentiate its product (refer to figure 1.10). Though a number of consumer products and services use the variable of shape to differentiate their product, SK was the first cereal brand to employ this positioning making it unique in the cereal industry  [3]  . Kelloggs by using its extensive experience to develop and position the SK cereal, appears to have understood and delivered its consumer needs; where women may want to lose weight either post an occasion such pregnancy or holiday or to lead a healthy lifestyle or to improve their physical experience. The value proposition offered by SK that acts as its point of difference from the other cereal brands has also helped it minimize the risk of cannibalization from the other Kellogg cereals. Furthermore, SKs market positioning has helped convert the consumers cereal purchase decision from a low involvement to a moderate involvement activity by linking their purchase decision to the psychological and physical benefits that can be derived from the product. Infact the SK 2 week challenge, which is an important element of the brands positioning (refer to figure 1.10), facilitates potential increases in the product usage and brand loyalty as once consumers verify the benefits of the product they may want to extend their association with the brand. It can be argued that by targeting only one distinct consumer group, SK is limiting its profit potential but on the contrary the growth in its market share (depicted in figure 1.11) is a testament of its successful market positioning in highly profitable target market. However SKs current and future market share could be threatened if it is no more the only cereal adopting the shape positioning as revealed in a SWOT analysis displayed below. Hence the strength of its positioning depends on effective management of the marketing mix elements. Marketing Mix Elements: Product: SK by offering a series of value added benefits in addition to its core benefits (displayed below) appears to acknowledge the importance of support for its customers during the challenging process of weight loss. And by providing these benefits the brand has transitioned from a low fat consumer product to a perceived personal weight management partner for its customers. Furthermore it appears to understand variety seeking behaviour  [4]  of its consumers as it extended its product line to include other SK sub-brands failing which women might have used other tasty healthy cereals with the SK personal plan. The brands packaging while being environmentally and user friendly: easy to transport and store, also serves as an effective marketing tool. It provides product information and reinforces the brands positioning by illustrating its value proposition of shape on the box. Moreover by using the Kelloggs name and tag line: If it doesnt say Kellogg on the boxà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.it isnt Kellogg in the box on the packaging, it depicts its association with Kelloggs premium quality and high brand value thus discouraging potential brand switching  [5]  . Place: Kellogg distributes SK selectively through supermarkets, hypermarkets and convenience stores utilizing the below represented distribution network. Using popular supermarkets/hypermarkets, which are the leading medium for cereal distribution (shown in figure 1.13), is aligned with SKs target market selection (covered in a prior discussion) which is accentuated by the supermarkets ability to attract customers through their own high advertising budgets (displayed in figure 1.14). Promotion: SK utilizes promotional campaigns, advertising and interactive marketing to sustain its winning market positioning. The SK 2 week challenge, which is an integral element of the cereals offering, originated as a creative promotional campaign that helped the brand acquire its market growth (Kellogg Company 2003, 2004). Success of the 2 week challenge is largely attributable to the consumer perception that it is an easier challenge to take due to its shorter duration. Another successful campaign launched by the brand is the SK slimmer jeans challenge which astutely kicks-off at the start of the New Year when women would be keen on losing their post holiday weight and dropping a jeans size (Kelloggs 2009). SK uses its high media advertising expenditure, which is higher than any of its competitors (shown in figure 1.15) to effectively communicate its positioning to its target market. It creatively employs the informational appeal message style in its television advertisements to convey product information and benefits, aimed at sustaining and attracting new customers (as evident in its latest advertisement  [6]  ). On the downside, some women may not relate to the product as the brand stereotypes a womens body shape by using perfect size models in most of its advertisements which may also conflict with its brands positioning of slimmer shape (not perfect shape). SK also recognized the growing popularity of internet among UK consumers (Euromonitor International 2009a) and hence uses its website and facebook group, as forms of interactive marketing, to connect with its customers. SK by allowing consumers to access the brands value added services on its attractive website aims to engage its customers and encourage repeat visits. Price: As cited earlier, SK is priced higher than any of its industry competitors  [7]  (displayed in figure 1.16) which is in sync with its premium brand positioning. The brands high quality is buttressed by its high price. SKs growing brand share despite its higher pricing appears to support the consumer perception that a high value compensates for a high price. But as discussed in the SWOT analysis, SKs future product demand may decline if the consumers opt to purchase the cheaper private health cereals due to the economic recession (Worth, 2009). Moreover its future demand may also be impacted by the marketing tactics of supermarkets such as placing their cheaper cereals on the shelf next to the SK brands  [8]  . Marketing recommendations: From the above analysis, it is evident that SK is effectively managing its marketing mix elements to strengthen its market positioning. However since the brand is in the maturity stage of its product life cycle (represented diagrammatically in figure 1.17) it needs to defend its market share to avoid the onset of the decline stage. Hence the following recommendations have been offered: Firstly using its exposure of a high advertising budget, SK can enhance its promotional activities by aptly launching additional innovative promotional challenges. And increase consumer participation in these challenges by providing opportunities to win prizes such as designer wardrobes or free SK cereal vouchers. Secondly by using real  [9]  slimmer size women in its advertisements it will not only distinguish itself from the other product manufacturers who stereotype womens body shape but also may generate increased consumer confidence in the products market message. Alternatively by taking inspiration from its website, SK can incorporate the success stories of its consumers in its advertisements to reinforce the products effectiveness. Lastly owing to the growing popularity of health foods it can extend its product line to introduce other weight assistance products such as SK nutrition drinks which may complement rather than compete with the cereal. Such product introductions will also reflect the brands commitment to delivering the healthy weight management needs of its consumers. The above recommendations will not only augment SK existing strong market positioning but will also discourage possible brand switching due to the economic recession. Conclusion: This assignment acknowledges that the marketing choices made by Special K, quite like its name, prove to be special for the brand. Perceptive of its consumer needs and behaviour, Special K effectually segmented its customers and selected a profitable and sustainable target market in a flourishing cereal industry. This target market selection has immensely contributed to the special status acquired by this brand. However the true success of the brand lies in how it differentiated itself from its competitors by relying on the SHAPE positioning that also acts as the value proposition for its consumers. Though the brand astutely manages the product, place, promotion and price attributes of its marketing mix to support its positioning, the reality of its product life cycle stage cannot be escaped. Hence recommendations to improve SKs advertising, promotional activities and brand line extensions have been made to avoid the onset of the decline stage for the product. Appendix: Kellogg brand list: Kellogg offers a vast product line catering to the needs of different customer segments. Kellogg brands include All bran, Coco Pops, Cornflakes, Crunchy Nut, Frosties, Fruit n Fibre, Winders, Natures Pleasure, Optivita, Country Store, Honey Loops, Just Right, Ricicles, Start, Pop tarts, Rice Krispies, Frosted Wheats and Special K. Special K product variations: Special K Packaging: As shown in the above images, Special Ks packaging conveys that it is a low fat cereal and provides information on the personal plan and its benefits and cereal nutrition figures. The red color is synonymous with the Special K branding and labeling which not only shows it strong connection with the Kelloggs brand but also symbolizes confidence and excitement (Kelloggs Special K, 2009) that a consumer will enjoy after achieving the shape desired by them. The packaging supports easy and convenient usage through the cardboard box and plastic bag, which help in storage and preservation of the quality of the cereal. Special K in supermarkets: The observations on the shelf space occupied by Kelloggs Special K were made by visiting two large supermarkets, Tesco and Morrisons. A large section of the middle shelf space in the cereal section of the supermarkets was devoted to Special K cereals and its sub-brands. This shelf positioning helps attract customer attention and expedite the purchase process. Another observation made was that both Tesco and Morrisons placed their cheaper cereals next to Special K which may deter the purchase decision of a cash strapped consumer. Infact Tesco has also extended this marketing gimmick to its online shop as displayed in the below images. Links to advertisements: http://www.specialk.co.uk/special-k-news.aspx Latest advert h ttp://www.tvadmusic.co.uk/2009/06/kellogs-special-k-shape-up-for-summer/

Personal Gods, Deism, & ther Limits of Skepticism :: essays research papers fc

In order to continue our discussion of the legitimate philosophical, scientific, and religious aspects of the science and religion quagmire we need a frame of reference to guide us. What I present here is an elaboration on a classification scheme proposed by Michael Shermer. (5) Shermer suggests that there are three worldviews, or "models," that people can adopt when thinking about science and religion. According to the same worlds model there is only one reality and science and religion are two different ways of looking at it. Eventually both will converge on the same final answers, within the limited capabilities of human beings to actually pursue such fundamental questions. The conflicting worlds model asserts that there is only one reality (as the same world scenario also acknowledges) but that science and religion collide head on when it comes to the shape that reality takes. Either one or the other is correct, but not both (or possibly neither, as Immanuel Kant might have argued). In the separate worlds model science and religion are not only different kinds of human activities, but they pursue entirely separate goals. Asking about the similarities and differences between science and religion is the philosophical equivalent of comparing apples and oranges. "These are two such different things," Shermer told Sharon Begley in Newsweek's cover story "Science Finds God," "it would be like using baseball stats to prove a point in football." Using Shermer's model as a starting point for thinking about S&R, I realized that something is missing. One cannot reasonably talk about the conflict between science and religion unless one also specifies what is meant by religion or God (usually there is less controversy on what is meant by science, though some philosophers and social scientists would surely disagree). So what makes Shermer's picture incomplete is the very important fact that different people have different Gods. I am not referring to the relatively minor variations of the idea of God among the major monotheistic religions, but to the fact that God can be one of many radically different things, and that unless we specify which God we are talking about, we will not make any further progress. My tentative solution to the problem is therefore presented in FIGURE 1. Here the panoply of positions concerning the S&R debate is arranged along two axes: on the abscissa we have the level of contrast between science and religion, which goes from none (same worlds model) to moderate (separate worlds) to high (conflicting worlds).

The Presidency of Bill Clinton :: William Jefferson Clinton Essays

The Clinton Presidency William Jefferson Clinton?s eight-year term as president of the United States of America was one of the most corrupt, and possibly the most damaging ever. There is evidence connecting him to hundreds of deaths, injuries, and explosions. He, along with his administration, made a number of ?Faustian bargains and policy blunders? (Timperlake) that allowed a malicious, rancorous government to gain more power in Washington. He acted dangerously and impulsively, and befriended all of the wrong people, including Chinese arms dealers, spies, pimps, and gangsters, among others. Clinton also compromised U.S. safety on more than one occasion. He is a cold, racist, corrupt man who has proven many times over that he does not care about the people, only in using them and obtaining money. In the following pages, one will see facts proving all of this. One could begin with the issue of genocide. In 1994, between half a million and a million members of the Tutsi tribe were slaughtered by Hutu tribal militias. Even though this massacre was widely covered by the news, the United States did nothing to help stop the killing. President Clinton offered an explanation to survivors in Kilagi for this. He said that he ?did not fully appreciate the depth and the speed with which [the survivors] were being engulfed by this unimaginable terror.? (Kelly) This explanation was not quite true. The U.S. government watched the killings in Rwanda closely. Clinton was completely familiar with the genocide; he knew what was going on as hundreds of thousands were being murdered. And yet, he still did nothing to stop it. He is also quoted as saying that he only ?did not act quickly enough to stop it after the killing began.? (Kelly) Actually, he personally denied urgent requests from the U.N. to send a small force of non-U.S. troops into Rwanda. Then on May 24, 1994, with the estimate number of the dead at 400,000 and rising, Clinton said, ?We cannot solve every such outburst of civil strife or militant nationalism simply by sending in our forces.? (Kelly). One may ask, if he considers a million corpses a ?civil strife?, does he really care about the world and the human race at all? Then, one may look at what happened with Mena, and the two teenage boys, Don

Advancements in Medical Technology Essay -- Ecploratory Essays

Advancements in Medical Technology Advancements in technology, especially advancements in computers, have caused a major impact on today’s society.â€Å"More specifically, profound effect on modern day medicine.†[instruct.lanagara.ba.ca 1.] [1] It has changed almost every aspect of the medical field, from the instruments used to the medicines prescribed to the operations preformed.â€Å"New technologies allow healthcare professionals to save people they never could have saved before.†[collegeview.com 1.] [2] â€Å"The 20th-century has brought with it many advancements in medicine.† [utep.edu 1.] [3]Below is a list of the then most important advancements, none of which would have been possible without improvements in technology. The Ten Most Important Discoveries of the Century 1 Antibiotics (Penicillin) 2 Anesthesia 3 Polio Vaccine 4 Birth Control Pill 5 Open Heart Surgery 6 Organ Transplant 7 Medical Imagery (x-rays, MRI, CAT scans) 8 Anti-inflammatory (Aspirin) 9 Ambulance Services 10 Genetic Based Research [4] Almost every instrument in the medical field has become computerized.Everything from thermometers to CAT scans is either a type of computer itself or is monitored by a computer.They calculate and factor all the data leaving rarely any information to be determined.Thus, allowing for more efficient results because it reduces the risk of human error.Plus, since other healthcare professionals are busy caring for the patients new jobs are created to operate the computerized instruments.â€Å"Carefully designed instruments have given researchers the opportunity to better understand biological processes.† [instruct.langara.ba.ca 1.] [5]Microscopes, for example, have allowed organism and cells to be studied a... ...d be significantly increased. Advancements in technology have positively affected the medical field more than any other professional field.Without technology researchers would not be able to discover new medicine and new way of preventing disease.Doctors would not be able to receive such accurate testing results and they would not be able to perform nearly as many surgeries as they can with improved technology.Who knows what even more technological advancements will mean for all of medicine and for all of society. Bibliography Advancements in Medicine.[On-line]. Available:http://www2.utep.edu Medicine and Health.[On-line]. Available: http://www.collegeview.com Technological Advancements in Medicine.[On-line]. Available: http://www.instruct.langara.bc.ca Wilmore, Jack H. and David L. Costill. â€Å"Physiology of Sports and Exercise.† 2nd ed. 1999.

My Life as a College Student

GORDON KUSSI TABIRI English Writing: From Start to Finish My life as a college student Seven years ago I gained admission to pursue a B. A program in one of the prestigious universities in Ghana. The name of the university is Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST). I was offered a four year bachelor degree program leading to a degree in Sociology and Social Work. Thus, I read BA Sociology and Social Work. I was so happy at the time because of two reasons.One was that, I had tried twice to be admitted into the countries universities but refused until finally the third time of which I succeeded. The second reason why I was happy was related to the fact that I had the opportunity to continue my education to a level that I had always dream about. My first year as a fresher on campus was very interesting for me. I was to read sociology and social work as a major and Geography as my minor.I therefore registered for my courses for the first year which included subjects s uch as introduction to sociology, traditional social structure of Ghana, introduction to human geography, development of geographic thought, introduction to physical environmental systems, communication skills, introduction to computers, and ethics and etiquette in traditional systems. I read these subjects for the first and second semesters as my first year program. I attended all lectures, wrote my assignments and the years exams. The results of the exams came and I had a Cumulative Weighted Average (CWA) of 59. 17.I was so disappointed about my results and decided to make better grades no matter what it takes to do so. I wrote the second semester exams and improved upon my performance by obtaining a CWA of 60. 32. I realized the fact that increasing the hours of my studies yielded good results. My second year on campus was very exciting. This was because I made very good friends and also had acquainted myself with campus life in general. I had a good friend by name Christian Boat eng who happens to be an old classmate at Akrokerri College of Education where we both obtained our diploma in basic education in the year 2001.Christian was very instrumental in my life on campus because he taught me how to study for long hours. We actually took similar courses together in the first two years of our education in KNUST College. We were also roommates for three years and shared a lot of things together. My second year courses also included literature in English, introduction to geomorphology, theory and practice of geography, principles of cartography, concepts and theories in sociology, social structure of modern Ghana as well as the nature of social work. The courses were very challenging especially those related to geography.I had a successful year and also improved on my performance. This second year was very significant to my life because it was during this period that I decided to read a master’s program after graduation. That year helped me realized a l ot of my potentials and also changed my perception of life in general. My third year in KNUST also saw me reading courses such as perspectives in sociological theory, research methods, theoretical framework for social work methodology, industrial sociology, medical sociology, and also bamboo and rattan processing.I enjoyed reading these courses especially industrial sociology, medical sociology as well as sociological theory. During my third year, we were made to drop our minor course, so I concentrated only on the major which was sociology and social work and also other borrowed courses. I also managed to secure the same room on campus with my friend, Christian. We both studied hard and had very good grades in our third year exams. We also had lots of fun on campus until school vacated. Christian was actually based in Kumasi which is the city in Ghana were KNUST was located whereas I was also based at Accra, the capital city of Ghana.In view of this, I spent most of my school holid ays in Accra with my family. During the long vacation after the end of the third year, I had an attachment with Tetteh Quashie Memorial Hospital situated at Akuapem Mampong. I was attached to the social welfare department of the hospital where I performed generic social work. It was a great experience since I had practical training in dealing with social welfare cases of clients at the hospital, district court and the district family social welfare cases. My mentors taught me so well that by the time I finished my attachment, I had developed a passion of working as a social worker someday.After my attachment, I prepared for my final year academic work. On arriving on campus for my final year, I registered for courses such as social psychology, social development, human resource management, approaches to counselling in social work, environmental sociology and a long essay dissertation. I had actually started writing my BA thesis in the third year of my studies. My topic was, â€Å"t he role of non-formal education to the contribution of the social and economic development of Ghana: a case study of the Ejisu- Juaben Municipality†.It was a great and challenging topic to write, in that there wasn't much literature on the subject of non-formal education. Owing to that, I researched the web widely in writing this project. My supervisor by name Mr. Barnie gave me all the directions and support so well that I obtained an excellent grade in this long essay. I was very excited because I was constrained by time in combining my academic work with writing of this thesis. In spite of all the challenges, my hard work paid off with me obtaining very good grades in all my final courses I took.Thus, I completed all my forth year course exams and was ready for graduation. We were to graduate exactly one month after completion of all the necessary course requirements. I was among one of the students who were to graduate with second class upper (honors) degree in sociology a nd social work. During graduation, my uncle and a cousin of mine accompanied me, and it is a day that I will never forget in my life. I dressed neatly in my graduation gown and went through the ceremony very happy of my accomplishments. After the ceremony I took several pictures with friends and my family and we had a great party after the occasion.I would never forget my experience on campus because it transformed my life. My general outlook of life has changed tremendously. I now understand that I have great capabilities as well as weaknesses. My college experience has contributed in shaping my personality today. I have learnt to work hard to overcome my weaknesses as well as develop my potentials and capabilities. This is the reason that I had saved money to pursue a master’s program in Switzerland to be able to actualize my dreams and aspirations in life.

Economic Growth Essay

In any nation, the politics policies, institutions, and laws collaborate to create a branch infrastructure which coordinates, enables, and come ons the stinting behavior that results in the accumulation of gentleman capital, physical capital, infixed resources, and technology. These resources have a role in generating sustained long-run economic harvest-feast. strong-arm capital refers to the tools that are used to leverage the copious ability of an intermediate worker. physical capital includes transportation equipments, computers, machinery, and factories which facilitate the yield of goods and work.They expand the capacity of an economy to introduce goods in the future, thereby promoting economic growth. (Jones, 2002) compassionate capital refers to the numerous abilities that enable an average worker to apply and understand new, productive knowledge. An increase in the stock of human capital is achieved done education and on the job training. This equips workers with the appropriate skills to increase fruit, and, therefore, change magnitude economic growth. Natural resources provide the nude materials that are used in the production of goods and services.A nation that is endowed with able natural resources and has tools to extract them, can simulate the necessary raw materials for production and mend its economic growth in the long-run. technical knowledge is used to bring incomparable resources together to produce the required services and goods. Technology facilitates the production of better and more output from a given standard of scarce economic resources, and this is what sustains the economic well-being, and drives economic growth of a nation.(Jones, 2002) The political sympathies through its policies and institutions can discourage or sum to long-run growth. The government can encourage growth by developing power, transport, and separate utilities. Growth can also be encouraged by using policies that al broken in result in stable and low inflation. Heavy taxation by the government will discourage economic growth as it will reduce investments in the economy. Reference Jones, I. C. (2002). Introduction to economic growth. impudent York, NY W. W. Norton & Company.

Inclusionary Practices In The Science Classroom Education Essay

Inclusionary patterns ar those which involve pupils with or with give away disablements. Students who ar physic alto stick byhery or ment every last(predicate)y impaired atomic number 18 disposed to a greater extent than attending, but they are taught in the selfsame(prenominal) environment as that of the averageal pupils. In invest to manage much(prenominal) a conference of pupils, teamwork is compulsory. A squad of decision makers, regular classroom teachers, physical seeors, accompaniment instructors, physical and occupational healers, and so forthis undeniable ( Meieran, ) . There are cardinal sorts of comprehension. Regular inclusion- is adept where the picky pupils go in the schoolroom of global pupils. There they are given extra precaution and feature proposition care in the schoolroom. Full inclusion is single where there is no segregation amongst public and point pupils, and they work together ( Hub Pages ) .ExperiencesRichard Lange, is a talented expert, and he dialog almost his bugger off and about the international talented plans. He talks about his visit to Taipei, Taiwan, where he saw that these pupils had to pick out extended strict arrangement trials in order to acquire them admitted in these schools. These schools stand big focal focalize on scientific fudge factor and look lab experiments at an early age.Cultivation of comprehensive Practices in SchoolsWhen inclusive patterns are cultivated in schools, the school faculty members must do authorized that the instructors they hire nurture a focal point on injure pupils beyond that they aim on normal pupils. The demeanor counsels are given is an of import factor, as it faecal matter economic consumption as solid foundation for inclusive schoolroom ( Dukes & A Dukes ) even, there are a batch of challenges that comes crossways in inclusive schoolrooms. The instructor has to be more inclusive and identify challenges by supplying matter-of-fact activitie s, thoughts and attacks ( Inclusive wisdom ) . iodine obstruction which all one comes crossways is the common attitude of instructors. It has been observed that the attitude of oecumenical pupil instructors is different towards the handicapped pupils. Their thought of inclusion and acceptableness differs in regard to the two types. This at last leads to a creative activity of yours non mine human body of an hostile environment between both the pupils and the staff. A 2nd obstruction is that most of the clip the leading are unable to acknowledge the demands of the inclusive schoolrooms, and hence, cod to this deficiency of expect from the staff and decision makers, achievement is improbable ( Green ) .Importance of ScienceScience has been considered as the most valuable topic to be taught to the handicapped pupils. Largely general pupil instructors have developing refering to learning pupils with disablements. Particular pupil instructors have had preparation in learning the scientific playing field topics. afterwards the jurisprudence which stated that every kidskin has a right to achieve schooling was expanded, budgets were allocated for the represent of training of these particular childs. But a crinkle came along with this credence. The scientific redress instructors were non efficient plug to convey the noesis to particular pupils, as they were gloomy trained to cover with handicapped pupils, and in general, particular pedagogues had small or no exposure to scientific discipline. and then the cognition which the pupils receive is largely that from the school text books. And nil beyond the text edition cognition could be explained to the particular pupils. It was observed that the centering towards scientific discipline was non taken that earnestly. Patton, Pol scurvyay and Cranon in a cogitation of particular teaching instructors found that 42 % of particular instruction instructors have no preparation in scientific discipline, 38 % of egotism contained kids in particular instruction categories did non have any scientific discipline preparation. In the film further it was found that particular pedagogues spent merely 60 proceedingss in one hebdomad to scientific discipline, and 90 % of the instructors were dependent on the cognition which was available in the text edition. thusly this shows that there was no existent practical deduction. other flooring observation revealed that pupils with mild disablements on an norm of 200 proceedingss of text edition cognition received 1 minute of scientific discipline direction ( Norman, Casseu, & A Stefanich, 1995 ) .Science has become a general focal point for primary instruction. It is non necessary that scientific discipline is merely available to those who already have an take a chance and those who have received encouragement to plight it. It is besides made available to adult females and misss, all racial and cultural groups, physically and educationally challenged, etc. However pupils with disablements who are prosecuting their callings in scientific discipline often face a figure of barriers. These barriers include historical, attitudinal, institutional, physical, and curricular barriers.A undertaking by the elevate of Creating Laboratory Access for Science Students ( CLASS ) has been initiated in order to fix pedagogues for inclusive schoolrooms. They even educate them the methods of extinguishing the barriers ( Kirch, Bargerhuff, Turner, & A Wheatly ) .The whole construct lavatory Class inclusions came into creation afterward the authorization No kid left behind was passed. This authorization talked about kids equality retrospect to education. Out of the seven attacks, companion and Cooke talked about five of them. Co instruction is collaborationism between the general instructors and the particular instructors. Increase in instructional options should be one of the ends of the instructors. Apart from this, the mesh and public presentation of these pupils should be enhanced. There are a figure of ways of carbon monoxide instruction. In the first attack the instructor will be responsible for learning while the other circulated passim the room supplying support. In the 2nd attack, the instructor divides the pupils and content into groups, and so they split the clip every bit between each group. Parallel instruction is the 3rd attack. In this attack the category is divided, and so the instructor teaches each group the same content. The quaternate attack is known as the alternate attack. In this type the category is divided into two groups. One big and one little, and each teacher instruct one of the groups. The smaller group is normally the one which requires most of the attending. Elementary instructors had a more corroboratory attitude towards co learning instead than second-string instructors. Co instruction is fundamentally a confederation between two instructors, one particular instructi on and one regular instruction. Elementary instructors would most plausibly to pass half a twenty-four hours or so with the particular instructors. Whereas, the secondary instructors would prefer to pass a period or two merely. schoolroom direction is an of import issue. If the instructors plan their course of study and learning techniques in a advanced, so they would never h senior an issue pull offing a category. Plus the pupils will acquire to larn more from the instructors.Advantages/Disadvantages of Co TeachingThere are a figure of advantages and disadvantages of carbon monoxide instruction. Students in carbon monoxide instruction categories get the attending of two instructors at the same clip. In this manner the pupils could easy be handled, in add-on to this the pupils get to larn more and they can pull more attending. Another advantage for the handicapped pupils is that they no longer are labeled as analyzing in handicapped schools, since they are analyzing with the norma l pupils. However particular instructors showed concerns about the big sized schoolrooms. They believed that frequently instructors do nt acquire sufficient clip to function for handicapped pupils because of the figure of pupils in one category. Therefore they were non in favour of big category suites, rather they preferred smaller 1s ( Joe, Dowdy, & A Nichols ) .Qualitative searchThere was a qualitative search carried out of two handicapped. Melinda and Philips were both in the same category, and at the ages of 15 ( Melinda ) and 16 ( Philips ) they were diagnosed with cognitive disablements. When the two of them morose 35, co by the way they met and it was found that they were having support through the Medicaid Waiver. The two of them were asked to take part in a research that was taking topographic point. The research was about the participant s educational and face-to-face experiences at that clip, the participant s lives instantly after go forthing the schools, and the p articipant s current lives. During class one of the survey, when the participants were of 15 and 16 old ages of age, the two of them were placed in ego contained particular instruction category. Melinda s records shows that after the first yr, she was included in the general instruction categories. Prince philips on the other helping hand was observed to stay in self-contained particular instruction categories for the remaining of his educational calling which was at the age of 22. Over the clip interviews were conducted with the participant s parents and themselves in order to find any alterations in the personal differences and public presentation degrees.The surveies fundamentally shows that during twelvemonth one, Melinda was regressing academically and she showed attach of being riotous in unintegrated schoolrooms. Prince philips on the other deal was non being riotous in unintegrated schoolrooms, he was demoing marks of adulthood and he seemed to take part willingly in ac tivities that require functional faculty members. After go outing school Melinda was seen to make founder in high schools, she prefers work independently, and her marks of ripening were increasing. Prince philips on the other manus is seen to lose ego assurance. He was regressing academically, and was loath to interact with others. He had a fright of doing errors and non making things absolutely. When the research workers met Melinda 4 old ages after maturity, when she was populating, they found out that she lived entirely in her flat, had an extended natural support nett, and used get bying schemes to help with processing troubles. Whereas in instance of Philips, he lived in his parents house, had lost several occupations and was presently working at a sheltered workshop for items, and had galore(postnominal) troubles in the community. After 8 old ages of lifetime as an grownup, it was observed that Melinda got married for an twelvemonth. She was married to Philip, and the t wo of them shared an flat. She had expanded her natural support web and was self assured of everything she did. Philips on the other manus had a portion clip occupation in the community, he approached advocators when in troubles, and he requires frequent confidences because he is dying with people around. Therefore the findings show that particular instruction in inclusive general instruction scenes may take to better results for pupils with disablements ( Ryndak, Ward, & A Alper, 2010 ) . endI personally am in a complete favour of inclusive instruction. In this manner the disabled would neer experience that he/she is low in capableness so normal pupil. We all are equal and hence shall be interact every bit. The authorization which was taken out by the US which is No Child Left stool , should besides be implemented in Pakistan, it gives an chance to both the instructor and the pupils. In add-on, kids analyzing in such an environment learn to be patient.

Biblical Leadership

The scriptural tale for posture outing varies in purposeion al whizz connatural in substance, as it is granted in the give-and- enlists major(ip) divisions, the out of date and untested testament. The scriptural leaders precedent to deliveryman ar elect by divinity fudge, and the great deal that these leaders reflection has divinity fudges direct interference. deliveryman and the oer-the-hill Testament leaders d superstar Martin Buber, two channelize lead in a non- established manner. though on that point atomic number 18 differences, at that place be excessively similarities in their accessiones to the experience of leading. scriptural leaders essentially does non cite favorable position of one over approximately contrasting this is originally collect to the count on that scriptural lead is non outlined as the conventional and/or late distinguish of the position. In the give-and-takes elder Testament, theology does non oft occupy the physiologicly effectual individual, further the nerveless ones (Buber, 2002). enquire the eccentric of David for instance, David does non give birth tool violence to deject with, withal he is elect by matinee idol to lead the tribe of Israel against the Philistinians.There be conversely a hardly a(prenominal) exceptions much(prenominal) as Samson, further still, his somatogenic gallantry acquired is with Gods presage intervention (Buber, 2002). The book of written report appears to adapt to an unconventional imagination of lead which nonwithstanding goes to spring up that the honor of spirit is not invariably credible (Buber, 2002(. . Meanwhile, scriptural lead in deliverymans write up broadly calls for humility and simplicity. deliverer constitutes that a somebody should not be called keep in line beca spend thither is only one authoritative police captain, the manufacturer (Matt 2310-12, current American Version) (Mark 1 031, new-made American Version).The context of leaders consequently does not embrace on the actor that withholds hatful on reason just the power that is of God. Ironically, Christs grievance of biblical leaders differs as it poses a gainsay since mint lean to set up on temporal pleasures such as houses, lands, and new(prenominal) plaza (Mark 1029, peeled American Version). rescuer lead by utilisation conforms to the chief(prenominal) ideas of humility and simplicity. one and only(a) is that he does not retrace use of his height as the physical apocalypse of God he shows neither signs of every triumph nor disparity of man.He process his apostles feet so as to prove that his leadership is much on attend to and not on be military serviced. deliverer speaks of leadership as not to work out his deliver entrust solely to serve in instigating the impart of God (Mark 1033-34, impertinently American Version). In addition, Jesus does not name whateve r commandment by his let position, hardly the consent of God. It is instanter exempt that the sentiment of biblical leadership is farthestther closely different from the conventional definitions of homophiles.The human commandment accords with reputation as the vehement endlessly regulation and the weak, otherwise. The current take on leadership concerns power, wealth, influence, and in some cases, property, it is in this bank note that Biblical leadership differs from that of the red-brick-day. period unify States chair George W. chaparral exemplifies the mod approach to leadership he differs from Christ and Bubers accounts. star is because scrub is turn to as chair or Mr.President he is then(prenominal) called or communicate to as a master in this sense. here and now is that the linked States is considered the approximately mighty among nations, on that pointby gr avouchup shrub effect, and symmetry to personalitys claims. outlast is that crotch hair exercises his authority and leadership in his own leave, and does not put either other will in to regard tho his will alone. This is most blatant in his contract of state of war against Iraq and Afghanistan the unite States chair did not test for recounting approval,Biblical leadership by prospect differs from that of the secular, from how it is penalize in the account book and how it is near in the modern standard. In whatever case, there is no logical implication of miasmic conquest in the Bibles context of leadership. Furthermore, the Bible does not account with personality as far as strength in coitus to leadership is concerned. The biblical spotter just does not approve with the modern and bored teaching of leaders. References Buber, M. Biemann, A. (Ed. ). (2002). The Martin Buber ratifier intrinsic Writings. smart York Palgrave Macmillan.